Animal cells is the wind, solar energy production in the second generation of grid electricity - essential for the intelligent network technology. In addition to lithium-ion batteries, which are widely used in mobile phones and laptops, more importantly, hybrid cars and electric vehicles such as the basic components of vehicles environmentally friendly. Japan to achieve the society low-carbon accelerates the construction of infrastructure, Sharp, Kansai Electric Power, Sakai City, and other businesses and cities in 2010 experiments smart grid will be empirical. Tokyo Electric Power, Hitachi, Itochu, also working in collaboration with the Institute of Technology in Tokyo to conduct research in the field of battery.
1 Battery
The batteries are generally divided into lithium-ion batteries and nickel-hydride batteries in metal. Composition by producing countries is as follows:
Lithium-ion battery: Japan 57% Korea 17%, Chinese 13%, others 13%.
Ni-MH battery: Japan 74% China 22%, other 4%.
Japan, a world leader in battery technology, lithium-ion battery for electric products represent about 60% of the world, automotive Ni-MH battery of basic accounting 100%. Nomura Securities survey shows that lithium in 2008, the world-ion battery market is about 8000 billion yen in 2020 will be expanded to 32000 yen. Currently, only 1% of lithium batteries used in automotive production in 2020, there will be 7 in a lithium battery used in automotive production, the materials of the drums, the market size will be increased to 11.000 billion yen equivalent to 3 times today over half of them for the Automotive battery production.
2, the Japanese lithium-ion batteries are business related
I lithium-ion battery
The basic principles of lithium-ion batteries, lithium-ion battery inside and the positive and negative charge and discharge between conducting. Widespread use of cobalt as cathode materials, but are rare elements cobalt and the price is expensive, can be used to replace the lithium iron phosphate. Lithium iron phosphate by recycling of scrap and sewage sludge phosphorus in a production of ordinary cement processing, materials lithium ion battery cathode carbon and insulation panels can be used to produce cement fuel, the cathode in lithium iron phosphate is also recyclable. Lithium-ion battery related companies are:
Electrolyte: Ube Kosan, Mitsubishi Chemical;
Cathode material: Mitsubishi Chemical, Japan Aki Science, Sumitomo Chemical;
Insulation plate: Asahi Kasei, Mitsubishi resin, Ube Industries;
Anode Material: Hitachi Chemical Industries, Mitsubishi Chemical, Showa Denko, Tokai Carbon.
Part II of the lithium-trends in planning ion battery production related enterprises
GS Yuasa, Mitsubishi Motors: invest 2 billion -30 billion yen Kyoto, built a new factory battery electric vehicle. Fall 2010 production capacity available for 20,000 cars.
Nissan, NEC: 2010 years or so mainly to increase the supply of electric vehicles, consider setting up factories in the United States and Europe.
GS Yuasa, Honda to invest ¥ 25000000000 Kyoto, building new plants, production of hybrid car batteries in 2010 to start production in the fall, since spring 2011, the annual production of 10 million vehicles to use.
Sanyo Electric: Volkswagen hybrid car for the supply of batteries. Establish factories in the prefecture of Hyogo, 2010.
Hitachi: 2010 for the mass production of batteries for hybrid cars from GM.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries: the National Institute of Industrial Science and Technology to jointly develop 10 seconds to fill a large nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries - GIGACELL. The charging time is equivalent to conventional nickel-metal hydride batteries from 60 ppm to 1.5 years after the official market. Primarily for trams and buses.
Thirdly, the Japanese lithium-ion battery materials, increased competition
Asahi Kasei, Hitachi Chemical Industry and four other companies in the world’s lithium-ion battery electrode materials and insulating materials market in eight. From a global perspective, the cathode materials, China, Japan and Asia represented 25% of the chemical industry, chemical research Tanaka share of 15%, cathode material, Hitachi Chemical Industry accounted for 42% JFE Chemical , 16%, insulating materials, Asahi Kasei, 45%, Tonen Chemical, 25%; electrolyte, Ube Industries, 25%, 20% Mitsubishi Chemical.
Eastern Plastics Company develops a rare metal necessary for the production of cathode materials for cobalt for alternative technologies, should reduce the cost for this seventh. Showa Denko In addition to the electrolyte, the cathode material is also developed.
Japan 2007, consumption of 54 tons of platinum, of which 98% dependence on imports, South Africa, the platinum reserves in the world, the total reserves in around 9. To ensure a steady supply of materials for fuel cells, Japan, an independent oil company administrative metallic minerals and natural gas Energy Agency (JOGMEC) and Canadian Platinum Group Metals exploration companies to jointly develop platinum mines south Africa on the conclusion of the agreement, four years, exploration spending has invested 3.2 million dollars for 37% of mineral rights. The mine is located in the Waterberg mine north-east of South Africa.
4, the Japanese R & D forklift hybrid
In addition to intensively develop the next generation hybrid and electric vehicles, the current expenditure of Japan & D Qing Li is also a hybrid truck.
The United States and Europe represents about 70% of worldwide lift truck, which Japan represents about 35% of the global market. Forklift sales in Japan since the financial crisis dramatically decreased in April 2009 fell to 5,000 units. To that end, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Toyota Automatic Loom, Komatsu Utility has begun development of the production of forklift equipped with hybrid batteries.
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Nagasaki Research Institute, equipped with lithium-ion battery production forklift, from October 2009 to start selling. Forklift class automotive technology and mechanical technology will be integrated with each other, will slow down the kinetic energy generated when converted into electricity stored in the landfill when it pioneered the use of four can save fuel costs. Load 5.5 tonnes, is expected to cost more than the normal tanker in a 2-3, each year dozens of production.
Komatsu Forklift subsidiary of Matsushita and other companies mainly from the acquisition of motor ,09-10-years period will develop and lead batteries and storage devices used in electric hybrid engines. Officially opened in 2011 is expected to save half the cost of purchases.
The production of forks of the first automatic loom Battery automaker Toyota Prius hybrid improvements, production of nickel-hydride batteries, metal mounted on a forklift, was officially put into production in December, has received dozens of commands.
5, Japan, an integrated response to the Universal Battery
May 28, 2009, Japan, headed by the provincial middle class, batteries, materials and automotive related businesses form a “battery system Industry Strategy Research.” To promote the popularization of batteries, the legislation has been modified to relax restrictions and charged against the budget. The principal measures are:
⒈ development of international quality and safety standards for battery. For the battery universal battery systems for strategic research industry, Japan has decided to change the course of the company’s battery safety tests carried out independently of the practice, initiated the development of a unified international standard for quality and safety of batteries to improve the international competitiveness of Japanese companies.
⒉ revision of related laws. Battery fire hazard exists, the Japanese government to consider relaxing the law on the safety of electrical appliances and fire service requirements of the Act.
⒊ lithium primary material production concentrated in South America, the Japanese government financial institutions to provide financing and insurance business, corporations and other Japanese companies to support the purchase of raw materials.
⒋ promote the expansion of charging stations for electric vehicles. Specifically, the car parking facilities with electric flat-style accommodation, the owner may be charged in the domestic long-distance remote control car, or at night can be automatically loaded and so on.
⒌ strengthen links with major automotive companies in the world to cooperate, to enter the global market for automotive batteries.
In addition to auto manufacturers and battery companies in close collaboration, the Japanese automotive companies and car batteries to strengthen cooperation with major automotive companies in the world to enter the global market for automotive batteries .
The German Volkswagen to Sanyo Electric, Toshiba and others buy the lithium battery; French company PSA Peugeot Citroën GS Yuasa, Mitsubishi Motors and other classified lithium batteries, Sanyo Electric for the purchase of nickel metal hydride battery, the United States to the Hitachi Universal bought the battery, the United States Ford to Sanyo purchases motor vehicle battery, Nissan and NEC have invested 500 billion yen, a joint venture with Renault France in France, setting up car batteries, batteries for the 2012 annual output of 60,000 car use. In addition, Nissan and NEC also plans to invest about 2000-2500 billion yen in 2012 in the United States, Great Britain, Portugal and other countries to establish Li-Ion Battery Plant, the goal is battery capacity of 2012 for 400,000 car use.
⒍ great efforts to develop emerging markets.
Strong growth in demand for cars in emerging markets, sales of Chinese cars in 2009 will exceed the United States and Vietnam ranks first in the world, the Japanese are very optimistic about the automotive market in China . Toyota Motor in 2008 in the Chinese market share of only 6%, for which companies to invest 300-400 trillion yen, Toyota in 2010 in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, established R & D Center is mainly engaged in car batteries, car-based technology, the second generation R & D and design, development, Special Purpose Vehicle China, to expand China market share.
